India faces a colossal waste management crisis due to lack of efficient waste management solutions, and this creates serious social, health, and environmental issues. As cities continue to urbanise and citizens adopt a more western lifestyle, the crisis only grows.

Several issues contribute to this. The current (road) infrastructure cannot handle the logistics, local banks do not finance projects and incineration, the default technology for most of the current or planned projects is not adequate to process typical Indian waste.

Indian waste has extremely low calorific value due to high levels of organic matter, which includes mostly waterand inert materials like sand. Sand and water do not combust well. Furthermore, the composition of Indian waste fluctuates dramatically on a day-to-day basis, making incineration even harder to control.

Due to this, waste processing plants struggle to run at 60%–70% of their designed thermal output, and often require additional fuels like Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG) or Compressed Natural Gas (CNG) to be expended. Incinerating Indian waste is like running a car on unrefined oil.